Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Cleaved Tau Protein (CTP) Biomarkers as a Forensic Tool for Detection and Assessement of Traumatic Brain Injury

Authors

  • 1 Mohamed Kamel Mohamed1 , Mervat Hamdy Abd Elsalam2 , Eman Abd Elfattah mohammed Elzohairy2 , Dina Sabry Abd Elfattah3 , Ehab Abd Elhalim Abd Elsalam4

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13661

Keywords:

Traumatic brain injury, Serum, GFAP, C-tau and CT scanning

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as a traumatically-induced structural brain injury or physiological
disruption of brain function caused by an external force. Traumatic brain injury is a neuropsychiatric disorder
that breaks down the remaining barriers between neurology and psychiatry. Several biomarkers have been
developed to directly determine the pathology of the nerve cells in the central nervous system (CNS) when
it is injured. This review recent research on brain injury biomarkers could be used for rapid and accurate
diagnostics of TBI in easily accessible fluid.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess utility of GFAP-BDP for the diagnosis of intracranial
injury in patients with a positive clinical screen for head injury across the spectrum of TBI typically
presenting to ED in Kasr- Alainy hospital.
Subjects & Methods: This prospective cohort study was based on the data collected from 90 cases presented
to Kasr Al-Aini Hospitals Emergency Department, Cairo University, with history of traumatic brain injury
through the period from April 2017 to Mars 2019. According to age, they were classified into 3 age groups;
age group A (18-35 years), age group B (36-50 years) and age group C (> 50 years). Data were analyzed with
respect to socio-demographic data, type of head injury, clinical presentations, radiological investigation, and
management of TBI in relation to serum specific biomarkers level (GFAP, C-tau).
Results: The most common age group was age group B (18-35 years) (70%). Males were more common
than females (71.1% and 28.9% respectively). The most common cause of trauma was fall from height
(33.3%). Serum GFAP level and C-tau levels in studied groups show high significant correlation between
them (p value <0.001).
Conclusion and Recommendations: The combination of the two biomarkers or more may be more useful
than either biomarker in isolation for predicting intracranial lesions on CT scanning therefor decreases
unwanted CT head scanning and radiological bad effect especially in young ages.

Author Biography

1 Mohamed Kamel Mohamed1 , Mervat Hamdy Abd Elsalam2 , Eman Abd Elfattah mohammed Elzohairy2 , Dina Sabry Abd Elfattah3 , Ehab Abd Elhalim Abd Elsalam4

1
Assistant Lecturer of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, 2Professor
of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, 3Professor of Biochemistry,
Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, 4Lecturer of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery
Department Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, Cairo University, Kasr-Alainy Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt

Published

2020-12-31

How to Cite

1 Mohamed Kamel Mohamed1 , Mervat Hamdy Abd Elsalam2 , Eman Abd Elfattah mohammed Elzohairy2 , Dina Sabry Abd Elfattah3 , Ehab Abd Elhalim Abd Elsalam4. (2020). Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Cleaved Tau Protein (CTP) Biomarkers as a Forensic Tool for Detection and Assessement of Traumatic Brain Injury. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 15(1), 1740-1748. https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13661

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

Section

Articles
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