Modern Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strain in Bronchoalveolar Lavage from Tuberculosis Patients Associated with Lung Tissue Damage Severity

Abstract

Background: The Beijing sublineage modern Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain is the most dominant
strain in regards to causes of disease progression, extensive lung tissue damage, drug resistance and high
outbreak rates.
Methods: Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were obtained from Bronchoalveolar lavage patients with
active pulmonary Tuberculosis before obtaining anti-tuberculosis drug treatments. The degree of severity of
parenchymal lung damage is classified by the NICE Scoring System. PCR was performed on DNA extracted
from bronchial lavage, using primers targeting gene TbD1.
Result: 30 active pulmonary tuberculosis patients were analyzed in this study. 13 isolates of modern strains
and 17 isolates of ancient strains were detected. In modern strains, 4 (30.8%) subjects had mild lung degree
damage, while 9 (69.2%) subjects had severe lung damage. In ancient strains, 12 (70.6%) subjects had
mild lung damage and 5 (29.4%) subjects had severe lung damage. Mycobacterium tuberculosis of modern
strains correlated with the degree of lung damage, p <0.05. Odds Ratio = 5.4 CI 95% (1,12-116,99).
Conclusion: In Surabaya, modern strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were detected in BAL of
tuberculosis patients. Radiograph evaluations revealed severe lung tissue damage. The risk of severe lung
damage with modern strains is 5.4 times higher than compared to ancient strains.