Evaluation Study of Different Techniques in Diagnosis of Acute Leukemia in Adults and Children Patients

Abstract

Cytomorphology and cytochemistry are combined with immunophenotype by flow cytometry (FCM) to
diagnosis and management the acute leukemia. The present study was designed to compare between the
cytomorphology, cytochemistry and immunophenotype by flow cytometry at diagnosis and classification of
acute leukemia to suggest a number of antibodies that can be adopted in the diagnosis by flow cytometry.
The study included (160) cases were newly diagnosed (100 adults, 60 children). Morphological analysis
was depended on peripheral blood smears examination by Leishman stain, cytochemical analysis with PAS
and SBB stains and immunophenotype analysis used multiparameter. the results of this study shown that
60% of adult cases were AML, and 40% ALL. The mean age of adults was 48.45 years for AML cases and
was 32.59 years for ALL adult cases. In children AML the mean age was 5.23 years and was 6.44 years in
children ALL cases. Our Conclusion Also that the B.ALL was more commonly than T.ALL in both adults
and children cases. Immunophenotypic detection by flow cytometry recorded (100%) successfully diagnosis
in ALL cases, but it was successfully in (75%) of detected the subtypes of AML cases.