Correlation between Seasons and the Prevalence of Preeclampsia at Tertiary Hospital, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is the second most common cause of maternal mortality following postpartum
hemorrhage. In East Java alone the maternal mortality rate due to preeclampsia was 31%. Some studies
explain that the incidence of preeclampsia can be caused by seasonal variations, whereas other studies say
that seasonal factors can be a protective factor for preeclampsia.
Objective: To find out how seasons relate to the prevalence of preeclampsia.
Method: A descriptive analytic study using medical record data during. The sample meets the inclusion
criteria, namely pregnant women with preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, chronic hypertension with
superimposed severe preeclampsia, or eclampsia. The exclusion criteria were pregnant women with chronic
hypertension or gestational hypertension. The sampling technique used was total sampling and crosssectional design with observation method using secondary data from medical records. Data was processed
using IBM SPSS Statistics and presented narratively.
Results: Respondents who experienced preeclampsia in the dry season were 558 people or 19.3% and those
who did not experience preeclampsia were 844 people or 29.2% The results of data analysis with statistical
tests using Chi-Square obtained a significance value or p-value of 0.091 (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: No correlation between seasonality and the prevalence of preeclampsia.