Effects of Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Dental Restoration - A Review

Abstract

The aim of the review was to determine the effect of temperature on mechanical properties of dental
restoration in the oral environment . Dental restorative materials are exposed to temperature ranging from
ten degree to five degree celsius, since the properties of dental material are sensitive to temperature of
this magnitude it is important to define the effect of services temperature on the mechanical properties of
dental composites. Increase in the mechanical properties of compressive strength, diametral tensile strength,
compressive elastic modulus and hardness for all investigated composites with increase of temperature.
The mechanical properties of nanohybrid composites were less sensitive to temperature change. Ultimate
strength decreases linearly increasing temperature strength is higher for the lower volume fraction material
and is decreased by the presence of a small percentage of very large particles. Elastic modulus and yield
strength decrease sigmoidally with increasing temperature and depends only on particle volume fraction.
In the clinically significant temperature range ultimately decreases to 14%,the decrease in elastic modulus
is either 6 or 11% and yield strength decreases to 45%. Dental restoration like gold, silver amalgam are
often unaffected even after prolonged exposure to fire. Dental tissues and restoration can undergo a series of
changes which correlate with temperature to which they are exposed. The temperature condition of the oral
environment can significantly affect the mechanical properties of dental restorative materials.