Association of Systemic Diseases with Periodontitis among Patients Attending A Private Dental College in Chennai - A Record based Study

Abstract

Oral cavity works as a continuous space of infectious agents and its condition reflects in progression of
systemic diseases. Recent studies state that periodontal disease may be a potential marker to systemic
diseases. Aim of the study was to determine the association of periodontitis and systemic disease among
patients attending a private dental college. Russell’s periodontal index was used to measure the periodontal
disease.This study included all periodontal index patient records from 18- 80 years old who visited the
dental college in the month of January 2020 and a total of 136 records were reviewed. Descriptive statistics
and chi square tests were used for statistical analysis. In the sample population (N= 136), 64.71% males and
35.29 % females were present. Age distribution of the records showed that 16.91 % of the study population
were 18-35 years old; 36.03% were 36-50 years and 47.06% were 51-80 years. It was found that 0.74% of
the study population had normal gingiva; 8.09% had simple gingivitis; 23.53 % had beginning destructive
periodontitis; 53.68% had established destructive periodontitis and 13.97 % had terminal periodontal
disease. Results revealed that 35.56 % of the study population reported to have systemic disease. Significant
association was found between age and periodontal disease; age and systemic disease (p<0.05). Results of
the present study showed that there was no significant association between periodontal status and systemic
disease condition of the study population (X2 = 5.826a;; p>0.05)