Role of MMPS in Periodontal Diseases

Abstract

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) belong to a family of structurally related zinc-dependent proteolytic
enzymes that are known to play a key role in the catabolic turnover of extracellular matrix (ECM)
components. Research studies to date have indicated that MMPs regulate the activity of several non-ECM
bioactive substrates, including growth factor, cytokines, chemokines and cell receptors which determine the
tissue microenvironment. Disruption of the balance between the concentration of active metalloproteinases
and their inhibitors (TIMPS) may lead to pathological changes associated with uncontrolled ECM turnover,
tissue remodeling, inflammatory response, cell growth and migration. This brief review presents some
information on MMPs role in inflammatory, metabolic and cancer abnormalities related to the salivary
glands, as well as MMP- related aspects that lead to the formation of human dentinal caries lesions. In oral
diseases, the most relevant biological fluid commonly used for diagnosing periodontal diseases in saliva.
Conventional treatment successfully reduces the levels of MMPs inhibits the progressive breakdown of
gingival and periodontal ligament collagens.