To Study the Prevalence of Areca Nut Induced Oral Submucous Fibrosis in Patients Visiting Dental OPD of Shalinitai Meghe Hospital and Research Center Nagpur: A Demographic Study

Abstract

Background: Oral submucosal fibrosis (OSMF) is now recognized internationally as an Indian disorder.
This has one of the highest percentages of malignant transition between oral lesion and condition potentially
malignant, Consequently, it is a source of concern for oral medical practitioners. The goal of the present
study is to assess the frequency of OSMF among betel nut chewers in various group of age.
Research Methodology: Collectively 80 OSMF sufferers in dentist OPD of Shalinitai Meghe Hospital
and research center, Nagpur over a period of 4 months (1 December 2019 to 21 March 2020) Chosen
for the analysis. A comprehensive history of the case and a clinical test was carried out under displayed
illumination. OSMF diagnosis was based on mouth opening troubles and blanched oral mucosa, marked
with noticeable fibrous bands. Many diagnostic features included sensation of pain, salivation, protrusion of
the tongue, behaviors and related malignant changes. The study was conducted based on age group, period
of the habit, habit frequency and habit form. Simple correlation analysis was performed.
Results: of OSF’s 80 cases searched, 37 (46.25%) cases were in stage II, 27 (33.75%) were stage III, 9
(11.25 %) stage I, and 7 (8.75 %) stage IV. Based upon age group, group III (30--40 years) Had been more
prominent than the others. Areca nut (gutkha) was an important etiologic agent (55.8%) as compared with
other etiological agent.
Conclusion: The high incidence of OSMF in the general population requires a substantial understanding
and treatment of these lesions. Primary health care practitioners and dentists should be informed and familiar
with these lesions, including etiology and pathogenesis, clinical appearance, treatment and management.