A Prospective Comparative Study to Assess-Post Operative Analgesic Effect of Intraperitoneal Instillation of Bupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine to Bupivacaine with Tramadol in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Abstract

Objective: Tocompare post operativeanalgesic effect of intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine with
dexmedetomidine, to bupivacaine with tramadol in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Method: Sixty patients belonging to age group 20 to 50 years, from both sexes posted for laparoscopic
cholecystectomy under general anesthesia were enrolled in our study. They were randomized in two groups,
Group A and Group B with 30 patients each. ASA1 & ASA2 physical status were selected. A written and
informed consent was taken from all the patients. The group A received 35 ml of 0.25% Bupivacaine with
50 mcgdexmedetomidine and Group B received 35 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine with 50 mg tramadol before
removal of trocar. The sites selected for instillation were hepato-diaphragmatic space (10ml), sub hepatic
(10ml), on gall bladder bed (10ml) and near and above hepatoduodenal ligament (5ml), at the end of surgery.
Intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring was done. Postoperative pain relief was assessed hourly for first
6 hours by VASscore. Time to requirement of first dose of rescue analgesia was noted and this was the
endpoint of this study, although the patients were monitored for 24 hours. Sideeffects like postoperative
nausea, vomiting and respiratory depression were noted.
Results: We noted that intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine prolonged the
duration of post operative analgesia compared to bupivacaine & tramadol combination. The requirement
of first dose of rescue analgesic is delayed more inbupivacaine dexmedetomidine group as compared to
bupivacaine tramadol group. Also the incidence of post operative nausea and vomiting was found to be less
in group Ai.e. bupivacaine dexmedetomidine group.
Conclusion: From this study it can be concluded that the use of intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine
with dexmedetomidine significantly reduces the requirement of post operative analgesics in patients
undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with better compliance.