Role of Ayurveda with Multi modal Therapy in Prevention and Management of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): The Whole System Approach

Abstract

Introduction: Autism is a neuro-developmental ailment seen in the preschool age. It is a lifelong condition
and requires long term and multiple treatment interventions.
Aim and Objective: To review and present a possible prevention and treatment protocol on Autism Spectrum
Disorder (ASD).
Material and Method: The present study is based on the literature search from Ayurveda compendia, recent
pediatric textbooks, articles published in research journals from 1983 to 2019.
Observations and Result: ASDs are the complex diseases with imbalance of Tridosha and Dwimanasdoshas
(fundamental principles of body and mind), based on typical clinical features which match with DSM-V
(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) that can be correlated with Unmada (Psychosis/insanity). ASDs can be
classified into Autism, Asperger’s and Rett’s syndrome. The probable etiopathogenesis may be defective
organogenesis, brain damage, metabolic or genetic changes.
Discussion: Acharya emphasized on Yuktivyapashray (rational therapy), Daiva vyapashray (nonpharmacological spiritual therapy) and Satvavajay chikitsa (Ayurveda psychotherapy) altogether in Unmad
treatment due to its complex nature. Recently developed therapies such as play therapy and cognitive
behavioral therapy-CBT can be a good adjuvant with Ayurvedic management of ASDs for better quality of
life.
Conclusion: As no satisfactory treatment is available in modern medicine till now, multi-modal treatment
such as Ayurveda, behavioral therapy, physiotherapy, occupational therapy and early educational interventions
might be beneficial to treat ASDs effectively. This review paper will be a torchbearer in the prevention and
management of ASDs with the whole system approach and proposed management algorithm.