4D Bioprinting, Newer Prospects in Regeneration

Abstract

The new concept which has come up in recent timesbeing integrated with 3D bioprinting is 4-dimensional
bio-printing. This is now considered the most appropriate solution for “tissue engineering”. It has the
potential to construct functional structure and also fabricate 3D patterns of biological architecture which
can change shape under various stimuli by use of “stimulate responsive material”. 4Dbio-printing provides
a great potential for tissue engineering of bone. The properties like shape memory of the printed structure
is used for repair of personalized bone defect and the properties such as functional maturation helps in
promoting osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. This review aims to discuss the concept of 4D bioprinting
and its application in “bone tissue engineering”.