Liquid Biopsy: A Tool for Detecting and Monitoring Oral Carcinoma

Abstract

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is frequently occurring malignant tumour of the H & N (head and neck)
region; with a rising oral cancer burden despite attempts of prevention, delay in diagnosis leads to locoregional spread and poor prognosis. Hence there is an utmost need for biomarkers which could lead to early
diagnosis of oral carcinoma. In the quest for innovative and early diagnostic aid, liquid biopsy is evolving
as animportant tool in diagnostic oncology. A liquid biopsy also called a dynamic biopsy or fluid phase
biopsy is a non-invasive analysis of non-solid biological tissue predominantly blood. Malignant tumours
release different biomolecules into body fluids that have the potential to be used as biomarkers for diagnosis,
prognosis, and therapy selection. As the clinical application of Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), circulating
tumour cells (CTCs), & exosomal miRNAs are quite significant they have acknowledged colossal attention
have acknowledged gigantic consideration. Evaluation of the circulating biomarkers has made it easy for
unique therapeutic methodologies and meticulous medicine. An increasing amount of studies have indicated
that application of these biomarkers intended for detecting, therapeutic scheduling, reaction observing and
prognosis management. Even though these novel biomarkers can deliver widespread series of conceivable
clinical applications yet there arenot any authenticated circulating biomarkers which have been unified into
the clinical practice for oral carcinomas. This article is a brief review of the various biomarkers used in
liquid biopsy as well as about tumour educated platelets.