A Study on Dactylographic Pattern in Relation to Abo - Blood Group and Iris Colour

Abstract

Dactylography or Fingerprint is one of the oldest reliable biometric indicators. Dermatoglyphics (fingerprint/
dactylography) is derived from the Greek word “Derma = Skin, Glyphe = Carve.” Fingerprint patterns are
unique in each individual and the chance of two persons having identical fingerprints is about one in 64
thousand million. Fingerprints represent the impressions left by the friction ridges of our finger.
Out of many blood grouping systems available, ABO and Rh systems are the most important and are
considered for the present study. Due to the immense potential of fingerprints as an effective method of
identification an attempt has been made in the present work to analyse their correlation with blood group and
Iris colour of an individual. This study was carried out on 200 medical students (100 male and 100 female)
having different ABO blood groups and belonging to different age groups. All the 10 fingers fingerprints
were taken and divided into loops, whorls, arches and composite. Iris colour recorded by direct illumination
by Slit lamp examination. Results shown that loops pattern being most common followed by whorls, arches
and composite. Brown colored iris being more predominant in both the genders than green and blue colored
iris.
Loops are predominant in males whereas whorls and arches are seen more in females. Composites being
in same proportion in both sexes. Most of the subjects with loops pattern were belongs to O positive blood
group and having brown iris colour followed by B positive. Among loops ulnar loops were more predominant
than radial loop.
Among all subjects, green colored iris recorded in 5 subjects, out of 5, 4 had loop fingerprint patter &
another one subject had arch pattern. Blue colored iris recorded in two subjects with loop pattern.