Immune Response to Burn Injury: Hyperinflammation and Immunosuppression

Abstract

Burn is an injury to the skin or other tissue. Mostly, it caused by contacting with hot liquids, solids, and
flames. The important thing that should be consider in burn incident is the severity of burn and it based on
the depth and area of the burn injury. The severity of burns will cause differences of pathophysiological
responses. This was a literature review study. Various articles were collected from online database including
reports, journals, and published in the last 10 years. The articles were from the scholar journals. The systemic
inflammatory response in severe level of burns was not given good response to disappear of lesion burn
and initiating tissue repair. Moreover, it was given an organ failure to the patient. The body responded
to this incident by releasing antiinflammatory mediators. This response is very strong and prolonged, so
it caused immunosuppression and increase the risk of secondary infection to the patients. Burns affects
the patient’s immune system. The ratio between pro and antiinflammatory mediators are determining the
patient’s subsequent status.