Demographic Characteristics as Predictors of Medicine and Health Services Access Difficulties and Economic Problems during Covid 19 in Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Background. The very rapid spread of COVID-19 infection, causing large-scale social restriction in many
parts of the world. A lot of businesses and working places closed. Health services and medicine were in high
demand. Objective. This study aims to determine the demographic characteristics that predict medicine
and health services access difficulties and economic problems. Method. This was cross-sectional research
conducted in Java, Indonesia. The research sample was 1,385 individuals aged 15 years and over who lived
in Java and had filled out a survey via a google form. Data analysis using multivariate logistic regression.
Results. The risk of difficulty accessing medicine and health services and economic difficulties was higher
for males, had income < 3 million per month, and do not have health insurance. Conclusion. Male, had
low income, and do not have health insurance are at higher risk for having difficulty accessing medicines/
health services and experiencing economic difficulties. Meanwhile, respondents under 25 years of age have
a higher risk of experiencing difficulties in accessing medicines and health services. The government needs
to implement a strategy to reduce health and economic problems due to COVID-19 and pay attention to
individuals under 25 years of age to access health services/medicines.