Formulation Herbal Mouthwash Combination Extract of Ginger and Lemongrass as Antibacterial Causes of Halitosis in Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Abstract

Background. Ginger and lemongrass are plants known as the king of rhizomes with a healthy stance because
empirically many have used them as halitosis treatment in people with diabetes mellitus. The research
objective was to formulate herbal mouthwash from extracts of natural ingredients, namely a combination
of ginger and lemongrass which has the potential as antibacterial causes of bad breath (halitosis) in people
with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Material and Methods. The extraction of the sample will be carried out by a
modified extraction method using ethanol and water solvents, then biological activity testing will be carried
out in-vitro with the diffusion method so that the antibacterial activity test against several bacteria that cause
halitosis will be tested. Antibacterial sample is an active compound resulting from the extraction process.
Bacteria that had been inoculated into the growth medium (NB) were put into sterile soft NA media (0.7%)
with a concentration of 10,000.8,000,7,500 and 6,000 ppm, respectively. Results. There is an inhibitory
effect, on p. gingivalis but the pattern of values is uncertain. A solution of formulation A with a concentration
of 75% occurs inhibition with an inhibition diameter of 15.7%. This inhibitory effect is not an activity of
formulation A, because acetic acid also has the ability to inhibit bacteria. In the sample solution with a
concentration of 100% chitosan (w / v), the highest inhibition occurred with an inhibition diameter of 18.7
mm / mg of the sample extract. Formulation A with a concentration of 25% (w / v), the lowest inhibition
occurred. The test solution of formulation A with a concentration of 25% has shown an inhibitory effect on
the growth of Streptococcus mutans. This effect is stronger at concentrations of 100%, 75%, and 50%. The
antimicrobial effect actually increased with an increase in the concentration of the test solution in succession
of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%. Formulation C with a concentration of 10000ppm, 8000ppm, 7500ppm, 6000ppm
showed that the antimicrobial effect actually increased with an increase in the concentration of the test
solution in succession. This shows that there is a strong positive relationship between concentration and
inhibition zone. Conclusion. All tests for both formulation A and formulation C using several concentrations
showed quite good results with the antibacterial activity being directly proportional to the concentration, the
greater the concentration the greater the activity.