https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/atomInternational Journal of Nursing Education2024-01-31T09:15:29+00:00Dr.NandaPrakash.Peditor@ijone.orgOpen Journal Systems<p> <strong>International Journal of Nursing Education</strong> is an international double blind peer reviewed, scientific journal that seeks to promote high standards of latest clinical and educative research work related to nursing education. The purpose of the journal is to bring advancement in nursing education. The journal publishes articles related to specialities of nursing education, care and practice. The journal has been assigned international standard serial numbers 0974-9349 (print) and 0974-9357 (electronic). The journal is covered by Google Scholar, CINAHL, EBSCOhost (USA), Scilit.</p> <div> <p>This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.</p> <p> </p> </div>https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20512Development and Validation of a Knowledge Checklist of Cognitive Therapy for Nurses(KCCTN)2024-01-31T09:45:21+00:00Takashi OHUE
<p>This study aimed to develop a Knowledge Checklist of Cognitive Therapy for Nurses (KCCTN) to assess the<br>effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy-based training. Sixteen items were collected from the provisional KCCTN; four response choices were created for each item with one correct response. The reliability and validity study results showed that Cronbach’s alpha was 0.63. The intra-class correlation was calculated using the data on the number of correct answers before and after the training of nursing college students, and the reliability was confirmed at r=0.65 (p<0.01). The uncorrelatedness of KCCTN and KBPAC helped establish discriminatory validity. Two-way analysis of variance with the dependent variable being the KCCTN score of the intervention group (nurses, N=30) and control group (nursing students, N=76) implementing cognitive-behavioral therapy, and pre-and post-intervention factors were calculated for hospital nurses. The results showed a significant interaction with a significant improvement in the intervention group.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20511Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Cataract and its Management among Diabetic Mellitus Patients2024-01-31T09:45:23+00:00Susan KondaAnkita PatroDhrity Rupa BeraRinzin PaldanDebiprasad PandaBikas Samal
<p>Introduction: People with diabetes are more likely to experience major health issues like cataracts and diabetic retinopathy, and persistently high blood sugar levels can cause serious conditions that leads to vision loss in order to avoid this, it is crucial to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of diabetes mellitus patients. Prolonged high blood glucose absorption in the lens of the eye, which leads to changes in its shape, resulting in vision changes.<br>Cataracts are still the biggest cause of blindness worldwide, and this is especially true in India.<br>Objectives 1. To assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding cataract and its management among diabetic mellitus patients at IMS and SUM hospital 2. To find out association of level of knowledge and attitude regarding cataract and its management with selected socio-demographical variables among diabetic mellitus patients at IMS and SUM hospital.<br>Methodology: It was a quantitative study conducted among 383 subjects who visited endocrinology OPD, IMS & SUM hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha selected descriptive, quantitative study through purposive sampling technique. It was assumed that the margin of error is 5%. The data was collected by standardized socio demographic questionnaire, knowledge and attitude questionnaire.<br>Results: The finding shows that maximum samples between age group 51-65. This included both the male and female population of 50.7% and 49.3% respectively.. It was observed that 91.9% had a basic knowledge of cataract. 68.9% of the subjects have a positive attitude toward cataract and its management in diabetes mellitus patients. It was observed that there is no significant difference between socio demographic variables with level of knowledge. An association of attitude and socio demographic variables in the subjects put forward that there was significant difference between socio demographic variables like educational status, regular eye check-up, last eye check-up and source of information and that of attitude.<br>Conclusion: Although majority of the patients know that DM affects the eye, that leads to cataract. The importance of better control of DM and regular eye examination in the prevention of cataract should be emphasized.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20510Construction of Question Paper2024-01-31T09:45:25+00:00Pooja GodiyalPoonam Negi
<p>Evaluation is one of the most difficult areas of educational pursuits. The most common type of evaluation<br>and assessment is through a written examination. The majority of the time, questions is drafted right before<br>the examination without going through a quality control process, which might cause confusion or incorrect<br>interpretation of the questions by the students. Students’ self-confidence and self-esteem grow as a result of their increased understanding of the question paper’s structure, and they then affirm their ability to complete the task.<br>The design of the question paper is prepared, with consideration given to the objectives, the various forms and types of questions, and the various content areas, a projected time, Level of difficulty anticipated. In order to enhance the standard of student evaluation and assessment, this article focuses on offering instructions and a scientific technique for creating effective question papers.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20509Augmented Reality and Artificial Intelligence Medical Waste Classification System and Method2024-01-31T09:45:26+00:00Pao JuChenWei Kai Liou
<p>There are four categories of medical waste that cannot be mixed as this will cause serious problems such<br>as environmental pollution or infection. In the past, the classification of medical waste often involved a lot of<br>human and material resources to process, with workers at risk of exposure to infectious substances. Therefore, an augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI) medical waste classification system and method were developed. This innovative medical waste classification system and method combines AR and AI identification technology to reduce the risk of manual judgment errors by clinical staff when handling medical waste.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20508Exploring the Relationship between Knowledge and Attitudes, Adherence and Confidence on Hand Hygiene Practices Among Thai Nursing Students2024-01-31T09:45:28+00:00Nachaphun DenijsWandee Sirichokchatchawan
<p>Background: Hand hygiene plays a crucial role in infection control in healthcare settings, but there is a concerning gap in compliance rates among healthcare workers globally. Nursing students, who will form a substantial part of the future healthcare workforce, are key to effective hand hygiene practices. A significant educational gap in hand hygiene exists globally, especially in Asia, including Thailand. Research on nursing students’ knowledge, attitude, adherence to, and confidence in hand hygiene is still limited, despite their frequent non-compliance with standard protocols. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the correlations and associated factors between knowledge, attitudes, adherence to, and confidence in hand hygiene practices among first-year nursing students at a Thai nursing college.<br>Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with all 116 first-year nursing students from Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Thailand. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and multiple logistic regression analysis.<br>Results: The results show that only 46.6% of students demonstrated good knowledge of hand hygiene, but a higher percentage showed positive attitudes (51.7%) and adherence (55.2%). A majority (76.7%) had good confidence in their hand hygiene practices. Positive correlations were observed between knowledge and attitude, attitude and adherence, and adherence and confidence. Male students generally had better knowledge, while those with lower GPAs tended to have higher confidence in hand hygiene. The findings of this study are in line with previous studies, indicating that knowledge does not always lead to positive attitudes or adherence to hand hygiene. Also, confidence is necessary for effective hand hygiene practices.<br>Conclusions: This study highlights the factors related to hand hygiene practices among Thai nursing students and emphasizes the need for comprehensive, culturally sensitive educational strategies. Future research should consider various contextual factors, such as gender differences and academic performance, to enhance hand hygiene practices among nursing students.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20507A Pre-Experimental Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Lead Poisoning among Mothers of Under-Five Children in Selected Areas at Mukerian, Punjab2024-01-31T09:45:30+00:00Manisha KumariV.AmuthaJasdeep Kaur
<p>Introduction: Lead poisoning is considered the most preventable environmental disease among young children, yet its exposure is estimated to contribute approximately 600,000 new cases of children with intellectual disabilities every year. A simple health awareness Lead poisoning can prevent permanent brain damage that will last a lifetime.<br>Aim of the Study: The aim of the study is to improve the knowledge on lead poisoning among mothers of under five children through a structured teaching programme.<br>Material and Methods: A quantitative research approach and Pre-experimental one group pre -test-posttest<br>research design was used. Total 50 samples of mothers of under-five children were selected by a purposive<br>sampling technique. Data collection was done through self-structured knowledge questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by calculating frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, ‘t test and F test.<br>Results: As per overall pretest knowledge score, most mothers of under-five children i.e. 90%had poor knowledge, 10% had average knowledge and none of them had good knowledge regarding lead poisoning. After structured teaching programmes most mothers i.e. 98% had good knowledge, 2% had average knowledge and none of them had poor knowledge. The difference between the mean pretest and posttest score was statistically highly significant at p<0.001 level.<br>Conclusion: Structured teaching programme was an effective tool in improving knowledge of mothers of under five children regarding lead poisoning.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20506A Cross-Sectional Survey to Assess the Risk Factors of Cardio Vascular Disease among College Students2024-01-31T09:45:31+00:00Jafar Ali KHansaram
<p>Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of deaths globally which claim an<br>estimated 17.9 million lives each year. It is a major cause of disability and premature death throughout the world and contributes substantially to the escalating costs of health care. Modification of risk factors has been shown to reduce mortality and morbidity in people with diagnosed or undiagnosed cardiovascular diseases. Prior assessment is found to be helpful in predictions of absolute cardiovascular risks among young adults.<br>Objectives: To assess the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among college students.<br>Methods: Descriptive survey was conducted among 207 college students at Najath College of Science and<br>Technology, Karuvarakundu, Kerala from 10/10/2019 to 18/10/2019.Convenient sampling method was used to select the samples. Structured risk factor assessment Performa and Biophysical measurements were used as tool.<br>Result: The study identified 40.57% students as in moderate risk and 5.31% were in high risk for developing cardiovascular diseases. The study reported that 6.2% of students were overweight whereas 45% had elevated blood pressure. It was found that 64.25%of the students had family history of chronic illnesses like diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and obesity. The 8.21% students were smokers out of these, 17.39% were using smokeless tobacco whereas 31.88% were exposed to passive smoking and 12.56% students were drinkers. In terms of physical activity, 62.31% of the students were sedentary. The food habits of 98.56% students were non -vegetarian and 46.85% of them were consuming red meat.<br>Conclusion: Periodic assessment and comprehensive health awareness would be helpful to modify unhealthy habits and minimize the risk of cardiovascular problems among the college students.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20505Simulation as an Innovative Teaching Pedagogy for Baccalaureate Male Students Undertaking a Maternal Health Course in the Arab world: A Pilot Project2024-01-31T09:45:34+00:00Jacqueline Maria DiasMini Sara AbrahamMuhammad Arsyad SubuNabeel Al-YateemFatma Refaat Ahmed
<p>Background: The nursing profession is attracting more male students at the baccalaureate level. Nursing faculty face difficulty in finding appropriate clinical opportunities in obstetrics for male baccalaureate nursing students in the conservative Arab culture.<br>Methods: A simulated environment was created comprising four beds in a ward setting. A standardized patient (SP) was placed on each bed. Each SP was trained to provide a history and respond to triggers based on questions posed by male students. The scenarios were: an antenatal patient admitted for induction of labor, a primipara with edema and severe headache, a multigravida who delivered spontaneously and was preparing for discharge, and a cesarian case on the first postoperative day. In the latter two scenarios, newborns were placed in bassinettes near the SP’s and the male students were also expected to take care of the baby. This innovative educational project highlighted simulation using low fidelity manikins and SPs. Male students reported simulation was an effective teaching strategy to acquire obstetric knowledge and develop critical thinking as they responded to cues given by the SP (e.g., antenatal abdominal pain). In addition, the students gained a level of proficiency in examining antenatal and postnatal women. Furthermore, they reported that debriefing following the training consolidated their learning.<br>Conclusion: Male students reported they would not have been able to achieve the course outcomes for the<br>maternity clinical rotation without the introduction of simulation. This project sets the stage for introducing<br>simulation into other clinical courses across the baccalaureate curriculum.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20504Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Nursing Students in Selected Colleges of Eastern India: A Descriptive Study2024-01-31T09:45:36+00:00HelenpuiiKrishna Choudhury
<p>Background: Nursing students after enrolling themselves into nursing profession experiences high level of stress and anxiety which later shows signs and symptoms of depression at early age. The present study is undertaken to study the level of stress, anxiety and depression among undergraduate nurses. The objective of the study was to assess the level of stress, anxiety and depression among nursing undergraduates.<br>Methods: A total of 201 sample were selected using non probability sampling technique. The three domains of mental status was assessed using depression, anxiety and stress scale-21 (DASS-21).<br>Findings & Conclusion: Majority of the nursing students showed 60.2% of mild anxiety followed by mild<br>depression (57.7%) and mild stress (55.2%). The present study revealed significant presence of anxiety, stress and depression among the nursing undergraduates. These findings are alarming in nature as it may have negative impacts on the mental health of the students. Stress, anxiety and depression among nursing students will adversly affect the academic performance and the quality of care they give to their patients. Students must be made aware to employ different coping strategies, different communication skills, campus connectdness, to deal with the stress,anxiety and depression during their clinical training. Mental health screening is another important preventive strategies to avoid mental disorders.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20503Level of Stress Among First Line Nurses in East Jeddah Hospital, Saudi Arabia During COVID-19 Pandemic2024-01-31T09:45:37+00:00Hasan AlbarqiMohammed AlsharabiMohammed Alshamrani, Fahad ALhabanjiFahad ALhabanjiMisharialharbiAbdulrahman Alqarni, Mishari Alharbi
<p>Objective: This study sought to determine the level of occupational stress and the associated factors among first line nurses in East Jeddah Hospital, Saudi Arabia, during COVID-19.<br>Methodology: Data was collected from a sample of 250 first line nurses working in East Jeddah hospital using<br>survey questionnaires. The questionnaires consisted of occupational stress scale. The collected data was then analyzed using Chi-square and the descriptive statistical tools of SPSS.<br>Results: The analysis showed that 82.8% of the nurses had high level of stress and only 17.2% had moderate<br>stress. The level of occupational stress is affected by various demographic factors, including nurses’ age (p=.000; r=.713), level of education (p=.000; r=.655) marital status (p=.014; r=.624), and whether the nurses stayed alone or with others (p=.000; r=.507). Many work-related factors were also noted to affect the level of occupational stress,including department of work (p=.040; r=.756), hours of working (p=.000; r=.542), years of experience (p=.002; r=.734), access to PPEs (p=.000; r=.594), nature of relationship with the other coworkers (p=.000; r=.594) and nature of work relationship (p=.000; r=.597).<br>Conclusion: The high level of stress among the first line nurses varies with sociodemographic and work factors, and this calls for the healthcare systems to implement devise measures to address the propagating factors around stress among these nurses.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20502Board Games in Nursing Education: Creation of “Hop-On-Slide-Down Board Game”2024-01-31T09:45:40+00:00Frincy FrancisDivya RaghavanSheeba Elizabeth JohnsunderrajDivya K Y
<p>Background: Games are considered an essential technique in higher learning institutions. They enhance learning objectives by improving critical and creative thinking, which increases the reasoning of the students. Games as a learning method provide the means through which students improve their immediate feedback because of discussing both wrong and right answers. They also get self-motivated to learning.<br>Aim: This paper provides a critical evaluation of ‘Hop-On-Slide-Down,’ quizzical board game, which is ideal to<br>be used for nursing students by nursing fraternity. It involves sharing the development of the game, analyzing the efficacy of board games “hop-on-slide down”, its rules, benefits, and finally, the limitations of the game.<br>Method: A simple board game was developed to play in the classroom. Idea derived from the “Snake and Ladder” game. This game is easy to use, cost effective and beneficial as an active learning strategy. Teacher preparation is minimal with a single time investment. The class students can be divided into small groups of 4 and assigned different roles. The game progresses by rolling a diceand answering the quiz card. Scores obtained based on right answers.<br>Conclusion: The present-day student community look forward for engaging learning sessions as against the<br>monotonous classroom lectures. Educators specifically in healthcare are forced to brainstorm various modes to retain the attentions of students. Boardgames usually are a choice for an active learning session.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20501A Cross-Sectional Study on Health Behaviors of Nurses in Kathmandu, Nepal2024-01-31T09:45:43+00:00Bhagawaty KalikotayBijaya AdhikariNarbada Thapa
<p>Introduction: Nurses have an increased risk for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and a high prevalence<br>of obesity, poor eating habits and insufficient physical activity. A descriptive study in title with nurses’ health<br>behaviours in Kathmandu was conducted to assess health behaviour among nurses.<br>Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. 104 nurses from Kathmandu with at least a<br>proficiency certificate level in nursing with a minimum of one year of experience in clinical or academic areas were included. Data were collected from January to February 2020.A nonprobability, convenience sampling technique was used. A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data and descriptive statistics were used to describe the findings.<br>Results: The study showed that 51.9% of the respondents have normal body mass index (BMI) followed by 38.5% overweight, 6.7% obese and 2.9% underweight. Almost all of the respondents’ blood pressure and blood sugar levels were in the normal range (99% and 91.1% respectively). Regarding health behaviour, 84.6% were nonvegetarian,91.3% consumed vegetables daily, and 48% consumed fruits daily. All the respondents were nonsmokers but 21% consume alcohol occasionally. Around 42.3% of the respondents do walking. Non-communicable disease was prevalent among 11.5% of respondents, among them hypertension was the highest (74.2%).<br>Conclusion: Only half of the respondents have normal Body mass index (BMI). Almost all respondents’ Blood<br>pressure and Sugar levels were normal. Very few of the respondents mentioned the regular morning or evening walk. Most of the respondents were taking vegetables daily but only half of the participants taking fruits daily. Four-fifths of the respondents have adequate sleep hours. The majority of the respondents have a family history of non-communicable diseases.</p>
2024-01-31T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20070 Evaluation of Pregnant Women’s Barriers to Physical Exercise During Pregnancy at Maternity Hospitals2023-11-07T07:32:09+00:00Fatima Fadel Benyian
<p>Background: There are major health benefits of physical exercise during pregnancy for the mother and newborn. On the other hand, physical inactivity during pregnancy is varied around the world, but it is more common during the third trimester of pregnancy. A positive attitude toward antenatal exercise can reduce physical inactivity.<br>Objectives: To identify the barriers that prevent pregnant women from doing physical exercise. To find out the association between the barriers and pregnant women’s characteristics.<br>Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to assess pregnant women’s barriers to physical exercise during pregnancy. Non probability (purposive sample) was used to collect the data from (200) pregnant women. The questionnaire consisted of ten questions for barriers and ten questions for practices.<br>Results: The higher percentage of women’s age was (20-29) years; they graduated from primary school. More than one-third of them have two to three living children. Most of them stated a lack of information or training on physical exercise during pregnancy is the most common barrier, and only (37%) pregnant women practice antenatal exercise.<br>Conclusion: The perceived barriers to physical exercise during pregnancy are a lack of information or training, a lack of family support, a lack of time, and the fear that it may be harmful to the fetus. Pregnant women need encouragement to perform prenatal exercise and facilitate the overcoming barriers.</p>
2023-11-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20043Need to Educate Student Nurses for Eye Care: A Descriptive Analysis of Student Nurses’ eye health literacy2023-11-07T07:31:09+00:00Sakshi ChaturvediShalini PalPrachi SinghChakrapani Chaturvedi
<p>Background: Eye health is really important for health care professionals. Nursing care needs a lot of seeing, from charts and digital data to patients& faces. Nurses need good vision to provide quality treatment. The nurses’ job should be reviewed and documented appropriately, so eye health is vital. Nurses exposed to more online education during student time risk eye health and work errors.<br>Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with a detailed descriptive cross-sectional research design. A pre-validated self-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Using descriptive statistics, student nurses’ demographics, knowledge, and practice scores were described for care of eyes while attending Online classes. The association between demographic variables and student nurse knowledge and practice was studied using a chi-square test and correlation coefficient.<br>Results: The Mean knowledge score of student nurses regarding the prevention of eye problems during online learning was found to be 11.43, SD2.36 and the Mean practice score was 4.42and SD 1.53 a significant positive linear relationship between knowledge and practice relationship was found (r=0.47,p=0.004).<br>Conclusion: There is a gap between the knowledge and practice scores of student nurses for eye health while learning online. Eye health literacy as well as good eye health practices are highly needed among student nurses.</p>
2023-11-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20042Student Nurses’ learning outcome and perceptions: Comparison of effectiveness of Online blended learning, flipped classroom approach and Online learning on course Nursing Research and statistics2023-11-07T07:16:53+00:00Sakshi ChaturvediAnjana WilliamsNeerja SoodHemchandra Pandey
<p>Introduction: Academicians are encouraged to work for advance mode of delivery in education under the<br />National Education Policy 2020. In order to provide high-quality Nursing care, evidence-based practice (EBP) is essential, and this necessitates delivering quality nursing education for research. Successful researchers are essential for fostering a nursing workforce equipped with analytical, critical thinking, and problem-solving abilities. According to National education policy 2020. Research methods should be learned as early as possible.<br />Method: A mixed-method research approach was applied to compare B.Sc. Nursing 3rd year<br />undergraduates ’knowledge, attitude, skills, and active learning using quasi-experimental design. Three modern educational styles flipped learning, online blended learning and online learning were selected to teach nursing research and statistics. Student nurses of B.Sc. Nursing 3rd year from three institutes are selected in this study using enumerative sampling technique.<br />Result: In flipped learning the value of mean was 5.27778 with a standard deviation of 0.9478, in online blended<br />learning5.055556 with a SD 1.177201 and in online learning 4.973684 with a SD 0.853826. Interest is shown by participants in the method the way research subject is taught these are the findings of the pilot study main study is in progress.<br />Discussions: In this applied research we have found flipped learning and Online Blended Learning has great impact on knowledge and active learning enhancement as compared to Online learning of UG Nursing students Studying Nursing research course.</p>
2023-11-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20041A Study to Assess Effectiveness of STP on Knowledge and Expressed-Practice regarding OSCE among Nursing-Tutors of Selected Colleges of Gujarat2023-11-07T07:11:15+00:00Renkina MacwanJerusa J. Gohil
<p>Background and Objectives: OSCE has been widely and increasingly used now-a-days. The OSCE is comprised of several stations; examinees are expected to perform a variety of clinical tasks within a specified time period. Performing a variety of clinical skills, in the laboratory there by evaluating competency of skills is possible. Investigator had conducted this study to assess the knowledge and expressed practice of nursing tutors before and after administration of Structured Teaching Programme on OSCE. And to find out the correlation between post-test knowledge and post-test expressed practice score on OSCE among nursing tutors of selected self-finance nursing colleges.Methods: A pre-experimental research design was used for this study. For data collection, structured tools were prepared which consists of three parts, first part deals with demographic data, second and third part includes structured quantitative questionnaire. Simple random sampling technique was used to select potential participants. Total 50 participants were selected with chit and lottery method for this study. Results:The study revealed that mean post-test knowledge score (14.1) was higher than mean pre-test knowledge score (7.52). The mean post-test expressed practice score (8.1) was higher than mean pre-test expressed practice score (3.56). There is an existence of a positive correlation (r =0.66) between knowledge and expressed Practice.Conclusion: The participants gained knowledge after delivering structured teaching about OSCE. There is positive co-relation between knowledge and expressed practice. So, it proves that structured teaching program is effective in imparting knowledge of OSCE.</p>
2023-11-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20040Descriptive study to assess the awareness and existing practices related to Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) among In-service Auxiliary Nurses and Midwifes (ANMs) for Reproductive and child health care (RCH) care2023-11-07T07:07:14+00:00Laxmi
<p>Introduction:As per WHO thousands of women died during and following pregnancy and childbirth however<br>most could have been prevented. Operational Guidelines on Maternal and Newborn Health by Government of<br>India revealed that Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) is needed to promote positive health practices for<br>maternal and newborn health, and to discourage harmful practices. Objective of present study was to assess<br>awareness of BCC and existing practices related to BCC among In-service ANMs and to assess the opinion<br>of learning BCC by Self Learning Material(SLM) and to identify the content to be covered in SLM as teaching<br>module.<br>Material and Method: Exploratory & descriptive survey design was used to Collect the baseline data in terms<br>of their awareness and existing practices for BCC among in-service Auxiliary Nurse and Midwives (ANMs)<br>. Data collected from 20 ANMs, 10 PHNs, and 10 Medical officers working in different health units of Delhi<br>using developed and validated questionnaire. Informed consent was taken from all the study subjects. Results:<br>Findings revealed that ANMs were not aware of BCC and related practices for Reproductive and Child health<br>care (RCH) care but conducting health education sessions and using various methods of communication like<br>individual IPC, demonstration, home visit and use of IEC material for creating awareness in the community.<br>ANMs were aware of dropout cases and the way to identify them but not planning and conducting BCC sessions<br>for drop out cases. It is interpreted that in-service ANMs were in need to have awareness regarding BCC to<br>practice in community. The data in relation to opinion on selected topics for information to creating awareness<br>for BCC on RCH care components shows that for topics related to Antenatal care, post-natal care and child<br>care component, there was 100% agreement from all the study samples. Majority of samples (80%) expressed<br>disagreement for anemia and nutrition and identification of RTI and STI topics under adolescent health<br>care component and expressed that these can be covered under maternal care component. It was suggested by<br>majority of doctors (25%) that ANMs should have awareness on types of delay under maternal care component<br>and major causes of maternal, neonatal and child mortality and delayed PPH as awareness on suggested topics<br>will make them sensitize to prevent the causes of mortality. There was 100% agreement for learning BCC for<br>RCH issues by self-learningmaterial in booklet form and for the language preference it was expressed by all the<br>study subject (100%) that SLM for In-service ANMs should be in Hindi. Conclusion: There is lack of awareness<br>regarding, Behaviour change communication and related practices among in-service ANMs which supported<br>the need to develop a self-learning material on BCC.</p> <p> </p>
2023-11-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20039Nursing Students’ Perception of the Effectiveness of the Health Care Simulation at the University of Tabuk2023-11-07T06:57:20+00:00Jay Nantin AblaoWaleed AlyamiHamza AlarkiWaleed AlzahraniMohammed AlshareffFawaz AlemraniHassan AlaysuyFahad Alatawi
<p>Background: Simulation has been recognized as a teaching strategy in nursing curriculum that efficiently fosters learning, competence acquisition, self-assurance, and safety of students. Simulation-based learning (SBL) has emerged as a valuable tool in nursing education, enabling students to attain the necessary clinical competencies essential for their future success.<br>Objective: This study aims to evaluate the nursing students’ perception of the effectiveness of the healthcare simulation sessions at the University of Tabuk.<br>Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design was used with 128 nursing students who responded to the online survey using the Modified Simulation Effectiveness Tool (SET-M).<br>Results: This study showed that almost all respondents strongly agreed on the effectivity of the healthcare simulation in the pre-briefing phase (81.65%), scenario phase (68%), and debriefing phase (74.38 %). There were no significant differences between students’ responses on the effectiveness of healthcare simulation sessions across all phases between gender, age, and academic level. However, the GPA has a significant difference in pre-briefing (P= .002) and scenario with a (P=.001) except for the debriefing with a (P=.352) which (P= >.05).<br>Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that the healthcare simulation sessions held during the Academic Year 2022 at the University of Tabuk were deemed effective in enhancing various areas and aspects essential for students’ learning.</p>
2023-11-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20038Assessing PICU Staff Nurses’ Knowledge toward Delirium in Pediatric Patients2023-11-07T06:47:03+00:00Hanin Hussian Bantan
<p>Background:Delirium is frequently under diagnosed and under treated in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICU). Both adult and pediatric literature have noted the significance of detecting and treating PICU delirium. Delirium lengthens hospital stays, the duration of mechanical ventilation, and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and PICU morbidity. Method: The goal of this study was to use a brief questionnaire to assess pediatric critical care nurses’ current understanding of delirium and its risk factors. Assuming that PICU nurses lack the necessary information to accurately screen for and diagnose delirium in critically ill children before a focused nursing educational intervention. To gauge current understanding regarding delirium in children, a 10-bed PICU distributed a 16-question online survey to all PICU nurses.Results: The response rate was 84% (26/31). Lack of knowledge was found that only two staff nurses (2/26; 8%) who properly responded when asked whether administering benzodiazepines is beneficial in treating delirium when asked about the use of these drugs to treat the condition. In addition, a family history of dementia predisposes a patient to delirium was another question that some participants correctly answered (4/26; 15%). Lastly, common incorrect answers when using the Glascoma Scale (GCS) as a diagnostic tool to identify delirium in pediatric patients, some staff nurses frequently give the incorrect response that delirium always manifests as a hyperactive, confused state, and those pediatric patients typically do not remember being delirious (5/26; 19%). Conclusion: The survey’s findings revealed knowledge gaps about the causes, symptoms, and treatments of pediatric delirium in critically ill children. Before the unit-wide adoption of a delirium screening and prevention program, PICU staff members urgently need to receive nursing education concerning pediatric delirium and associated risk factors, particularly regarding screening procedures and pharmacologic risk factors.</p>
2023-11-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20037The Effect of Neuropathic Exercise on HbA1c Value in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus2023-11-01T05:49:59+00:00Derison M. BakaraFatimah KhoiriniMarisa J. ManikKurniyati
<p>Introduction: Complications of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are one of the complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. DPN often occurs in people with diabetes mellitus, where one out of every five people with diabetes mellitus is at risk of it. DPN occurs in more than 50% of people with type 2 diabetes and is a significant risk factor for skin breakdown, amputations, and reduced physical mobility.This study aims to see the effect of neuropathic exercise interventions on decreasing HbA1C values in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.<br>Methods: This research is quantitative research with a Pre-Experimental Design with a Pretest-Posttest Group Design approach aiming to see the effect of neuropathic exerciseon the decrease in HbA1C values in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The intervention carried out in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is neuropathic exercise. Onthe pre-test, Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were assessed for neuropathy symptoms using 10-gram monofilament and measuring the HbA1C value and then given the intervention of neuropathic exercise, which is carried out every day for 15 minutes for six weeks. Onthe post-test, an assessment of changes in HbA1C values for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus was carried out.<br>Results: The results showed an effect of neuropathic exercise on a decrease in HbA1C values. Before the intervention of neuropathic exercise, the HbA1C value with a Mean ± SD of 10.42 ± 12.877; after the intervention of the neuropathic e xercise, the HbA1C value became 9.88 ± 2.904 with a pvalue:0.001.<br>Conclusion: Neuropathic exercise can be done in people with diabetes mellitus to decrease HbA1c values and prevent DPN.</p>
2023-11-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20036Experiences of Bachelor of Science Nursing Students Participating in Peer Mentorship in Kenyan Universities2023-11-01T05:49:59+00:00Anne A. OkangaJohn M. OkothDamaris A. Ochanda
<p>Peer mentoring provides opportunity of a higher skilled or experienced individual to support the lesser in<br>the same category with benefits being experienced by both. Peer mentors eventually perceive the process as<br>transformational born out of desire to help. Due to the nature of the course intensiveness of nursing, the nursing<br>student mentoring experiences demonstrate a mutually beneficial relationship. The study aimed at exploring<br>Experiences of Bachelor of Science Nursing Students Participating in Peer Mentorship in Kenyan Universities.<br>The study was qualitative conducted in three universities that had participated in a peer mentorship program<br>between January to august 2020 involving 50 peer mentors. Data collection involved individual interviews and<br>focused group discussions. Data was analyzed thematically. Findings revealed 3 themes that emerged describing<br>change that occurred in the peer mentor and these were: Development of social interaction abilities, Development<br>of stress management skills and Development of resiliency. Peer mentors felt that the experiences helped produce<br>a lot of change in them in as much as the intension was to support peer mentees. The study concludes that peer<br>mentorship is beneficial in promoting both individual mentor as well as institutional educational and social<br>goals. The study recommends utilization of peer mentorship in institutions of higher learning since it benefits<br>both the mentor and mentee.</p>
2023-11-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/20035Effects of Peer Mentorship on Academic Performance Among Bachelor of Science Nursing Students in Kenyan Universities2023-11-01T05:49:59+00:00Anne A. OkangaDamaris A. OchandaJohn M. Okoth
<p>ABSTRACT<br>Background: Peer mentoring is one of the most effective interventions that have demonstrated ability to ease university transition and promote positive outcomes including better student performance. The study sought to examine the effects of peer mentorship on nursing students’ academic performance in Kenya.<br>Methods: The study was a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design using quantitative means of data collection. It was conducted in 4 sampled Kenyan universities offering Bachelor of Science in Nursing that included University of East Africa Baraton, Uzima, Great Lakes University of Kisumu and Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology. 50 third year students were trained and mentored 301 second years in 3 universities .1 university having 85 second year students served as a control group. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social sciences version 28. Descriptive statistics were used to understand student distribution in universities. Paired-samples t-test and independent t test were used to establish relationship within and between groups.<br>Results: Clinical scores of experimental group compared control group indicated t=-7.5041, P≤ .05 thus implying that the means of the two groups were significantly different. Results of classroom scores between the experimental and control groups were t=14.8713, P≤.05, indicating statistical difference in the means. The pre and post results in clinical and class scores of experimental group indicated significant results with t=27.72, P=≤ .05 and with t=18.01, P=≤ .05 respectively. On the other hand, Pre and post results of clinical control and clinical experimental results indicated insignificant results of t=-0.60, P≥ .05 and t=0.96, P≥ .05 respectively.<br>Conclusion: The study concluded that peer mentorship affects positively student academic performance and recommends use of peer mentorship to support students and inform policy.</p>
2023-11-01T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/19581Training Suggestions for Japanese Head Nurses with Inaccurate Understanding of their Roles and Responsibilities in Initial Phases of Disaster Incidents2023-07-25T06:20:12+00:00Yukari SugawaraChieri Yamada
<p>Background: During large-scale disasters, hospitals must respond immediately. In such situations, different levels<br>of nurses have different roles and responsibilities. Head nurses in Japan have two types of responsibilities based<br>on the shift, day or night. Assuming that head nurses do not clearly recognized these differences due to their lack<br>of appropriate institutional education, this study aimed to clarify actual conditions of institutional education and<br>head nurses’ level of understanding.<br>Methods: Three questionnaires were developed: one for nursing directors regarding departments’ implementation<br>based on the disaster response manual and two true/false questionnaires for head nurses regarding their<br>recognition of roles and responsibilities in disaster response. Twenty hospitals in a national hospital organization<br>in Japan, located in two regions, were studied.<br>Conclusion: Of the 17 hospitals that responded, 52.2%–35.3% had written roles, responsibilities, and action<br>procedures for head nurses on the day and/or night shift. Education, including orientation and training, was<br>provided for the two shifts in 35.3%–23.5% of the hospitals. In terms of the true/false questions, 154 head nurses<br>from both shifts responded with high accuracy; however, they did not appear to understand that they were<br>commanders of the ward on the day shift and of the hospital on the night shift. The results indicate the need to<br>stipulate head nurses’ roles, responsibilities, and action procedures in the disaster response manual and implement<br>institutional education and the provision of action assistant tools.</p>
2023-07-25T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/19580Effectiveness of agility exercise on Pain and Knee Health Status among Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis2023-07-25T06:20:12+00:00Sudhagar.PAnitha.NSaravanan.S
<p>Background: The prevalence of osteoarthritis is thought to be around 4% of the present population. Knee pain<br>is the most common complaint involving a peripheral joint and has been observed to affect 5%–13% of adult<br>populations in Asia. Agility exercise may address the needs of the patients and promote knee health status.<br>Methods: An experimental study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of Agility exercise on pain and knee<br>health status among patients with knee osteoarthritis. Sixty samples were selected (30 each in experimental and<br>control group) through non probability purposive sampling technique. The pain was assessed by numerical pain<br>intensity scale and knee health status was assessed by modified lower extremity functional scale. The investigator<br>demonstrated Agility exercises to only experimental group for 21 days.<br>Conclusion: The findings reveal that, in experimental group the pretest and posttest mean score of pain was 7±0.6<br>and 5.6±1.51 respectively. In experimental group the pretest and posttest mean score of knee health status was<br>18.4±3.33 and 13.4±3.53 respectively. The calculated ‘t’ value for pain was 12.77 and for knee health status was18.37<br>which was greater than the table value. In posttest experimental and control group the mean score for pain was<br>5.6±1.51 and 7.2±1.2 respectively. In posttest experimental and control group the mean score for knee health status<br>was 13.4±3.53 and 18.5±2.32 respectively. The calculated ‘t’ value for pain was 3.7 and for knee health status was<br>3.36 which was greater than the table value. Thus it become evident that agility exercise was effective in reducing<br>pain and improving knee health status among patients with knee osteoarthritis. The study concluded that agility<br>was effective on reducing pain and improving knee health status among patients with knee osteoarthritis.</p>
2023-07-25T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/19576Social Support and Subjective Well-Being among Adolescents living in Islamic Boarding School in Rural Indonesia2023-07-25T06:20:12+00:00Sorayati Dwi UtamiAsniar AsniarWirda Hayati
<p>Subjective well-being is essential for adolescents as it affects their social relationships, learning processes, and <br>emotions. Adolescents who have low SWB quickly feel anxious, depressed, and anxious. This study aims to <br>determine the relationship between subjective well-being and social support for adolescents in an Islamic boarding <br>school in Aceh province, Indonesia. This study applied a cross-sectional design involving 169 adolescents living <br>in an Islamic Boarding School in the Aceh province of Indonesia. Data were collected using the Multidimensional <br>Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE), and the <br>Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The Chi-square test showed a relationship between social support and <br>adolescent subjective well-being (p-value 0.030). Therefore, social support should be considered as an aspect <br>which is needed to be improved to affect subjective well-being among adolescents.</p>
2023-07-25T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/19575Assessing Nurses’ Behavior Toward Safety Huddle Implementation in the Intensive Care Unit2023-07-25T06:20:12+00:00Sabha Theeb AlhajeriHammad Ali Fadlalmola
<p>Background: Safety huddles are brief, regular meetings between nurses and physicians aimed at discussing patients’ <br>situations in wards, sharing experienced opinions, and reducing risks regarding medication administration. Safety <br>huddles are essential in improving patient safety, particularly in intensive care units. This study aimed to assess <br>nurses’ behavior towards safety huddle implementation in the ICUs of King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi <br>Arabia.<br>Methods: A cross-sectional research design was utilized, and 115 ICU nurses were recruited using a nonprobability convenience sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data, and the <br>statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was employed to analyze the data.<br>Results: The majority of the respondents exhibited good behavior towards safety huddle implementation in the <br>ICUs, with a mean score of 2.76 and a standard deviation of 0.22. The p-values were all greater than the significance <br>level, indicating that the behavior of nurses towards safety huddle implementation in the ICU was the same across <br>all demographic profiles.<br>Conclusion: Safety huddles have the potential to improve the working environment and clinical practice of nurses <br>in the ICU. This study’s findings suggest that nurses in King Fahad Hospital have a positive attitude towards <br>safety huddle implementation. Future research could explore changes in nurses’ experiences and perceptions of <br>the benefits and impact of safety huddles and how they overcome challenges and barriers during implementation.</p>
2023-07-25T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/19574Family Caregiver Experiences in Caring for Diabetic Ulcer Patients: A Phenomenological Qualitative Study2023-07-25T06:20:12+00:00Rauzatun HusnaTeuku TahlilAsniar
<p>Background: Diabetic ulcers are a complication of diabetes that can affect patients’ self-esteem, role, physical <br>mobility, psychology, social, economic status, and life quality. Generally, patients will also experience interference <br>in their daily activities, which requires the help of family caregivers to improve their health status. This study <br>explores family caregivers’ experience caring for diabetic ulcer patients at home.<br>Methods: The research method used was qualitative with a descriptive phenomenological design. A total of <br>9 participants were recruited as research samples using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected <br>through in-depth interview techniques and analyzed manually using the Colaizzi Method.<br>Results: The results of data analysis showed a number of main themes related to patient care by family caregivers, <br>namely to meet basic needs, get care support from the family, benefit the sick family, benefit the family caregiver, <br>lack of wound care support, and no division of roles in caring for patients.<br>Conclusion: It is recommended to provide educational programs to family caregivers to improve their ability to <br>care for diabetic ulcer patients at home.</p>
2023-07-25T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/19572Effectiveness of Google Classroom as an online Tool in Teaching and Learning: B.Sc. (Nursing) Student’s Perception2023-07-25T06:20:12+00:00S. Ani Grace Kalaimathi
<p>Introduction: The global Covid-19 pandemic led to the need for educators to explore online platforms in delivering<br>lessons to students. It has impacted the way things are done in walks of life including nursing education in both<br>developing and developed countries.<br>Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of Google Classroom<br>(GCR) as an online Tool in Teaching and Learning: B.Sc (Nursing) Student’s Perceptions using survey approach<br>among 20,000 undergraduate nursing students studying 1st year to final year in more than 208 nursing institutions.<br>The students were selected using purposive sampling technique. After obtaining permission and informed<br>consent from the participants, data was collected using pretested and validated tools such as background variables<br>proforma of nursing students and rating scale on effectiveness of Google classroom in improving the learning<br>outcomes of the students using Google forms through WhatsApp and e-mails. The collected data was analyzed<br>using descriptive and inferential statistics.<br>Results: Most of the students had positive perception with overall mean and standard deviation showing<br>effectiveness of GCR as an online tool m=81.64, SD=10.41.<br>Conclusion: Implementation of online learning in Nursing education has been perceived favorably by majority of<br>the students.It is important for instructors and institutions to consider the needs and preferences of their students<br>when designing and delivering courses, and also to provide adequate support and resources to ensure that<br>students are able to have an innovative learning experience.</p>
2023-07-25T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/19571Nurse Administrators’ Roles for Nurse Retention when Radioactive Disaster occurs: Findings from Nurses’ Evacuation Consideration and Evacuation after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident2023-07-25T06:20:12+00:00Minoru OtoChieri Yamada
<p>Background: In 2011, a nuclear accident severely affected many hospitals in Fukushima. Many nurses faced a<br>dilemma of whether to evacuate voluntarily or keep working. This study examined the voluntary evacuation and<br>returning of nurses and then suggested how nurse administrators can prepare for such situations.<br>Methods: The study was conducted from July through September 2018. Eight hundred nurses who had been<br>working prior to the incident in three hospitals in Koriyama and Aizuwakamatsu participated. Although both<br>cities had higher-than-normal terrestrial radiation levels, Koriyama’s level was three times higher. An anonymous<br>questionnaire was administered, and individual interviews were conducted with participants. For statistical<br>analyses, SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 25.0, was used.<br>Results: Ultimately, 723 questionnaires were collected. The proportions of those who considered evacuating (33.1%)<br>and who evacuated (8.1%) were significantly higher in Koriyama. The characteristics of the group who considered<br>evacuation were being pregnant, living with an adult cohabitant, and/or living with small child (ren). The evacuated<br>nurses were all female and had similar characteristics as the group that considered evacuating; however, the age of<br>their children was not related. Four out of six interviewees contacted nurse administrators and/or colleagues and<br>overcame their feelings of guilt when their superiors and colleagues welcomed them back to work.<br>Conclusion: Nurse administrators should understand that, when a radioactive disaster occurs, individuals who<br>are more likely to consider evacuation have conflicts between their personal life and professional responsibilities.<br>Nursing departments should inform nurses of their policies in advance and respect individuals’ decision to leave,<br>supporting them when they return to work. Departments should also have a plan in place for managing with a<br>temporarily reduced workforce.</p>
2023-07-25T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijone/article/view/19570An Experimental study: Effectiveness of Nursing protocol on postoperative outcome among patients undergoing major Visceral Surgeries in a Selected Tertiary Care Hospital at Delhi2023-07-25T06:20:12+00:00Mini MathaiC. Susila
<p>Introduction : Surgery is almost always viewed as a life crisis and evokes anxiety and fear . In line with the growing<br>number of surgical procedures being performed worldwide, postoperative complications are also increasing,<br>proportionately increasing mortality, impairing patients’ postoperative outcome, lengthening intensive care and<br>total hospital stay. Preoperative assessment and care is extremely important prior to any invasive procedure<br>including minor and major surgical procedures. Physical and psychological preparation tends to improve surgical<br>outcomes. Preoperative teaching provides with pertinent information concerning the surgical process and the<br>intended surgical procedure as well as anticipated patient behavior (anxiety, fear), expected sensation, and the<br>probable outcomes. The experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of nursing protocol on<br>postoperative outcome among patients undergoing major visceral surgeries in a selected tertiary care hospital. The<br>objectives of the study were to assess the post operative outcome of patients undergoing major visceral surgeries<br>in the study and control group, to determine the effectiveness of nursing protocol on postoperative outcome<br>among patients undergoing major visceral surgeries and to associate the post operative outcome with the socio<br>demographic variables.<br>Materials and Methods: An experimental, post-test only design was used to conduct the study at tertiary care<br>hospital in Delhi. The intervention was carried out in the pre-operative surgical wards of the tertiary care hospital<br>and post-operative data was collected in the inpatient surgical unit. 63 samples in the experimental group and<br>63 samples in the control group were selected by simple random sampling technique. The study revealed that<br>there was a significant difference in the pain scores on the seventh day after surgery and on the patient satisfaction<br>related to preoperative education and intraoperative care.</p>
2023-07-25T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023