Risk Factors of Bacteremia in Children with Community Acquired Pneumonia

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of infectious death in children worldwide. Community

Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is pneumonia obtained in communities where bacteria are the most common

cause in children. Bacteremia accompanied by pneumonia has the potential to threaten life in children but

the risk factors for bacteremia with pneumonia are not yet clear.

Objective: To study the risk factors of bacteremia in children with CAP

Methods: This was a case control observational study used pediatric inpatient medical records from January

2014-December 2018

Results: There were 275 subjects who met inclusion and exclusion criteria and 45(16.4%) of them had

positive blood cultures. Therefore, 90 subjects were included in this study with a mean (±SD) age of

23.57(±43.28) and most of them were male (60%). Klebsiella pneumonia was the causative pathogen of

most cases (22.2%). In bivariate analysis, it was found that malnutrition (OR 35.2; 95% CI 4.45-278.25;

p=0.000), congenital heart disease (OR 6.83; 95% CI 2.09-22.4; p=0.001) and hematological disease (OR

12.57; 95% CI 1.54-102.97; p=0.004) were the risk factors of bacteremia in children with CAP. Meanwhile,

multivariate analysis showed only malnutrition that had relationship with bacteremia in children with CAP

(Exp(B) 0.027; CI 95% 0.003-0.231; p=0.001)

Conclusion: Malnutrition was significant risk factors of bacteremia in children with CAP