Low Socioeconomic Households are Vulnerable to Stunting: Structural Equation Model Analysis

Abstract

Background: stunting is still a problem at the global level. It is estimated 22.2% or 150.8 million of children
under five suffering from stunting in 2017. Indonesia is the fourth country with the highest prevalence
of stunting in the world (30,8% in 2019). This study is intended to see the structural equation model of
determinant stunting of children under two years in Indonesia in 2010 by using data from Indonesia’s
Basic Health Research 2010. Method: we used Structural Equation Model as analysis technique. Stunting
determinants that have direct path to the stunting are indicators of care (breastfeeding), food intake (maternal
iron tablets, vitamin A in mother and child) and the socio-economic indicators (location of residence,
family size, expenditure per capita, maternal education and healthy house). Results: the result showed that
socioeconomic variable was statistically significant related to stunting with mother’s education level and
household expenditure per capita as strong indicators to predict household socioeconomic. The regression
equation of stunting is -0.18 socioeconomic. Conclusion: socioeconomic has negative effect toward
stunting. Stunting was more likely occurred in low socioeconomic household.