Pneumonia among Under-Five Children in Indonesia: A Situational Analysis

Abstract

Pneumonia is the biggest cause of mortality among under-five children in the world, including Indonesia.
However, counter actions in Indonesia is taking form of limited studies that observed pneumonia
comprehensively. This review aimed to obtain a comprehensive view of Pneumonia among children underfive
in Indonesia. The review applied Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis
(PRISMA) guidelines. Databases were PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, and SINTA to overview risk factors
of Childhood Pneumonia in Indonesia. Other databases were official websites of Indonesia government and
International health organization websites to search Pneumonia programs, guidelines, and statistical data.
Various datasets from different sources are integrated in to the findings. The review found the coverage of
the new case findings of pneumonia children under-fives was low. Limited report and valid data of childhood
pneumonia. Many factors identified as risk factors of Childhood Pneumonia. Pneumonia control guidelines
have been developed by the Indonesian Ministry of health. However, programs’ implementation report and
the involvement of social component is minimal. Enhancing civil society roles, comprehensive approaches,
and inter-professional collaboration in childhood pneumonia programs would be impacted in preventing
pneumonia among under-five children.