Silent Epidemic of Non-communicable diseases- Trend of Diabetes, Coronary Artery Disease, Cerebrovascular Accident, Thyroid and Hypertension at a Tertiary Care Center in India

Abstract

Introduction- In a developing country like India, non-communicable diseases are on a rise. Diabetes (DM),
Coronary artery disease (CAD), Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), thyroid disorders and hypertension (HTN)
are the leading communicable diseases and have become a common occurrence. In this study we aim to
study the prevalence of these diseases over the span of five years as well as their association with each other.
Material Methods- In this retrospective study we aim to study trends of non-communicable diseases,
in a cohort of 48,966 in-patients for 5 years from 2016-2020. Co-prevalence and association of these
comorbidities with each other were also studied.
Result- Non-communicable diseases had an increasing trend from 2016-2020. Association of diabetes
and hypertension (Chi-square 12268.54 , P<0.0001), diabetes and CVA (Chi-square 864.99, P<0.0001),
diabetes and CAD (Chi-square 4999.73, P<0.0001) diabetes and thyroid (chi-square 583.60, P<0.0001),
hypertension and CAD (Chi-square 8013.82, P<0.0001), hypertension and CVA (Chi-square 2135.881,
P<0.0001), hypertension and thyroid (Chi-square 1097.278, P<0.0001), thyroid and CVA (Chi-square
18.81, P<0.0001), thyroid and CAD (Chi-square 1233.501, P<0.0001), CAD and CVA (Chi-square 704.662,
P<0.0001) was found to be very highly significant statistically .
Conclusion- The increase in non-communicable diseases is imminent in developing countries like India
and it emphasises the importance of timely clinical investigations and interventions. The increasing trend of
non-communicable diseases in India may be attributed to sociological changes towards a more westernised
lifestyle.