Applied GIS: Critical Cartography and Geovisualization Methods and Techniques in Public Health Epidemiology, Arthropod Vectors Ecology and Surveillance

Abstract

Better understanding by mapping picturesque thematic information, and visualizing the actual burden of
arthropod vector borne disease vertically and horizontally, using GIS, analytical cartographic and geovisualization
methods guide to select an appropriate methods for control and management of the disease.
Both, the site specific public health epidemiology and entomological reality information on the grounds
could be collected with GPS, and could be mapped under the GIS techniques. Different type of field survey
methods and techniques could have been functional for the study of arthropod vectors surveillance, especially,
mosquitoes, ticks, and mites vector abundance, and ecology, must have been essentially needed revision
and updates for the achievements of goal move towards the betterment of vector borne disease control and
management. Probability sampling (random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling), and Nonprobability
sampling (convenience sampling, snowball sampling, quota sampling) existing conventional
survey methods have been replaced with GIS scientific methods, used for public health epidemiological
studies, and arthropod entomological study as well. Applied GIS contains the methods and techniques used
for different field survey, such as; a systematic grid sampling techniques, GIS and GPS based reconnaissance
survey methods, cluster sampling, stratified sampling, multistage sampling pilot sampling and random
sampling survey with i) physiographic landscapes, ii) climate zones, iii) socio-economic structures, iv)
settlement structures, v) land use / land cover categories, and vi) sampling survey in the buffering zones,
etc., provides the accurate geo-coordinates site specific approach to portray the diversity and reliability of
arthropod vector presents, and geovisualization of the vertical and longitudinal pattern of vector profusion,
and thus, researcher and planners could be formed a datum of guidelines for arthropod vectors surveillance,
and hence, preparing the indispensable prevention measures to vector borne disease control and management
for sustainable health.