Predicting Behavioral Intentions to Control Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus from Social-Cognitive Variables at Haji Surabaya General Hospital, Indonesia.

Abstract

Context: From 2015 through 2018, the number of visits of patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus
(DM), without complication, with an age range of 40-59 years, at the Internal Medicine section, Outpatient
Installation of Haji Surabaya General Hospital (HSGH), has increased. It was an indicator that shows the
non-optimal handling and control of DM in communities, and it needs to be followed by health efforts to
restrain this non-communicable disease. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the factors that influence
the control behavior of type 2 DM based on the concept of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA).
Respondents in this study were 120 patients that suffered type 2 DM, with no complication, who met the
study inclusion criteria, who visit the Internal Medicine section, Outpatient Installation of HSGH. Primary
data from the respondents included knowledge, risk perception, outcome expectancies, the action of selfefficacy,
behavioral intention, planning, maintenance of self-efficacy, recovery of self-efficacy, and action,
which collected through survey instruments in the form of adopted questionnaires with cross-sectional
research design, and it analyzed statistically using the Path Analysis, through AMOS software, with a
significance level (alpha = 0.05). During the motivational phase, social cognitive variables, namely the
outcome expectancies and the action of self-efficacy, could predict an individual’s behavioral intention to
control type 2 DM (p < 0.05). In contrast, risk perception variable did not affect behavioral intention to
control the disease.