Comorbidities and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with COVID 19 in a Tertiary Care Center at Goa: A Prospective Observational Study

Abstract

Background: It is believed that COVID-19, in those with comorbidities, has an increasingly rapid and severe
progression, often resulting in mortality. This study explores various comorbid conditions, disease severity, and
clinical outcomes in patients infected with COVID-19.
Methods: This is a prospective observational study. Clinical data of COVID-19 patients admitted at Goa Medical
College between November 23, 2020, to December 23, 2020, are summarized and analyzed using Google forms,
spreadsheets, and R programming language.
Results: A total of 100 patient data was collected, including 5% mild, 61% moderate, and 34% severe cases.
Fever (83%) was the most common symptom, followed by dry cough (83%), dyspnoea (79%), and fatigue (32%).
The most common comorbidities identified were diabetes (66%), hypertension (57%), and cardiovascular and
cerebrovascular conditions (27%). Clinical outcome in patients was pneumonia (84%), ARDS (40%), bronchiolitis
(10%), and shock (3%).
Conclusion: Our study estimated that older men with underlying hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular, and
cerebrovascular conditions are at higher risk for severe clinical form. Fever, cough, and dyspnea were the most
common signs on admission. The laboratory parameters showed a significant increase in CRP, ferritin, LDH,
procalcitonin, ESR, and d-dimer in the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection.