Diagnostic Role of Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Abstract

Introduction: Electrophoresis is a technique for separation of different charged particles. It is based on movement
of charged particles through a solution when subjected to an electrical field. Since proteins are negatively charged
at pH 8.6, subjecting them to electrical field will push protein particles towards anode.
Materials and Methods: Place of Study: This study was carried out in the Department of Pathology,Rampurhat
Government Medical College & Hospital, Birbhum, West Bengal, India.
Period of Study: Study was conducted from January 2020 to March 2022.
Study Design: Prospective
Age Group: 1st decade to 8th decade
Control Group: 10 male and 10 female healthy persons of every decade were chosen as control groups.
Result: Cellulose acetate electrophoresis of 150 symptomatic patients performed. Major diseases diagnosed were
Multiple Myeloma(24 cases), Chronic inflammatory disease (15 cases),HIV (13cases), Hematological malignancy
(10cases), solid malignancy (10 cases), tuberculosis (7 cases) with some Miscellaneous conditions.
Among the 28 Monoclonal Gammopathy cases studied(100%),the most common case was Multiple Myeloma
(24 cases, 85.71%) followed by 2 cases of Solitary Plasmacytoma(7.15%) and 1 case of Monoclonal Gammopathy of
undetermined significance( MGUS) (3.57%) and 1 case of Smoldering Myeloma (3.57%).