Correlation of Menstrual Abnormalities with Endometrial Histopathology: A Review

Abstract

Background: AUB (Abnormal uterine bleeding) is defined as excessive menstrual blood loss which interferes with
women’s physical, social, emotional and maternal quality of life. Any uterine bleeding outside the normal volume,
duration, regularity or frequency is considered abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).
Objective: To study the various types of menstrual abnormalities prevalent in women and to correlate it with
different histopathology features in endometrial curettage.
Study Design: The study design was prospective observational study with study population being abnormal uterine
bleeding newly registered at the opd/ ipd of Saraswathi Institute Of Medical Sciences, Hapur Uttar Pradesh. A
sample size of 136 patients were included during study periods from august 2020 to march 2021.
Result: Most common endometrial lesion was endometrial hyperplasia (38.2%), followed by proliferative change
(35.29%), others were polyp, fibroid, atrophic endometrium. Endometrial carcinoma was detected in 0.78% of cases.
Hyperplasia when further categorised, showed simple hyperplasia as the dominant sub-type. Hyperplasia was
the dominant change observed in menorrhagia, polymenorrhoea, metrorrhagia, and postmenopausal bleeding.
Conclusion: Most common cause of AUB was hormonal imbalance around perimenopausal age group. In elderly
age hyperplasia and malignancy was more commonly seen.