Treatment Outcome of Category I Tuberculosis Patients under RNTCP in a Tuberculosis Unit of Ahmedabad Muncipal Corporation

Abstract

Background & Objectives: This study was aimed to know the treatment outcome of category I tuberculosis patients under RNTCP in a tuberculosis unit of Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation. Method: It was a longitudinal (follow up) study conducted from January 2014 to 0ctober 2014 in Rakhiyal tuberculosis unit in Ahmadabad city. Total187 patients of category I were studied. Data was collected using predesigned questionnaire by interviewing the patients thrice (1^st visit on base line data second after completion of intensive phase and third after completion of continuation phase. Verbal consent was taken). Tools of study: Pre-designed questionnaire was prepared before study and two follow up visit were done at end of intensive phase first visit(at end of two month) and second at the end of continue phase (at end of six month). During study first of all basic demography profile was collected and verbal consent was taken from all patients and then all the participants were enrolled in this study. Result: The majority of study population was in reproductive age group (67.52%).The ratio of Pulmonary: Extra-pulmonary was 1.3:1.Almost half (48.12%) patients were new sputum smear positive (NSP), (43.32%) New extra-pulmonary and (8.56%) were new sputum smear negative. NSP (New sputum positive): NSN(New sputum negative) ratio was 5.6:1.In majority of patients (61.18%) DOTS was provided by TB Health workers. Sputum conversation rate was (75.56%) after two months. Majority (88.3%) completed the continuous phase. HIV coinfection was found 5.88%. Interpretation and conclusion: Study result showed that all the patients took treatment under the supervision whether in the presence of Community DOTS providers or Private practitioners and all the patients completed the intensive phase of the therapy. This reflects the responsible functioning of the healthcare providers  to achieve the primary aim of the tuberculosis programme, which is to detect and cure infectious tuberculosis cases in order to reduce the transmission, morbidity and mortality. Overall sputum conversion rate (75.56%) which was low. The outcome indicates well within acceptable presence of RNTCP which reflect deep programme is being effectively implemented in Tuberculosis Unit. Increased switch over to MDR (4.81%) found in the study could be explained by HIV-TB co-infection and Diabetes.