The Alteration on Malondialdehyde Content on Wistar Rats’ Blood and Lungs Tissue to Ward the Exposure of Electric Cigarette Smoke

Abstract

Context: The effect of electric cigarette smoke exposure had increased due to the number of electric
cigarette smoker that raised every year. The smoke which enters the respiratory tract enhance the free radical
inside the body, either in blood or lung tissue. The exceeding amount of free radical could trigger the
oxidative stress which causes cell damage. The increase of cell damage within lung tissue is accompanied
by the enhancement of malondialdehyde content. Therefore, this study aimed to know the malondialdehyde
content alteration on blood and lung tissue against the exposure of electric cigarette smoke. This study
used experimental methodology with posttest control group design using male Wistar rats as the sample.
Wester rats were divided into groups and examined the cell damage through malondialdehyde content within
the blood and the malondialdehyde expression within the lung tissue. The exposure of electric cigarette
smoke was given to each group with different amount and duration. The lung tissue damage was measured
using malondialdehyde content parameter within the blood and immunohistochemistry (IHC) on lung
tissue. The finding showed that there was differentiation on malondialdehyde content within the blood and
malondialdehyde expression on lung tissue (p< 0.05). Whereas the relation between two groups showed
a strong and significant relationship for (r=0.945) and (p=0.000). The duration of electric cigarette smoke
exposure could affect the enhancement of malondialdehyde content within the blood and lung tissue.