Lessons From My 30 Years of Snakebite Management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37506/a4x0ak53Keywords:
Russell’s viper, Saw scaled viper, Cobra, Krait, envenomation, haemotoxic, neurotoxic, anti-snake venom serum.Abstract
Inspite of various guidelines for snakebite management, in real life, every case of snakebite poses a unique challenge and one may not always be able to abide strictly by the guidelines. There are a just a handful of physicians who are experts in managing snakebite. This article has been written by Dr D C Patel in Dharampur, Gujarat who has been treating snakebite victims for more than 30 years. This short communication draws on over three decades of clinical data and practice-based insights, offering guidance for public health professionals and community medicine practitioners in remote, resource-constrained settings. Data from April 1993 to March 2024 has been presented along with tips on snakebite management. His analysis presents a few insights- Russell’s viper bites have increased steeply over the years in Dharampur area and Valsad district of Gujarat. The mean number of vials used to manage bites by various species have fallen over time. Regular public awareness programshave borne fruit. Fewer patients visit faith healers and they reach the hospital quickly. Management of cases using the syndromic approach, early and adequate administration of clinically estimated amount of AVS along with organ support is the essential triad of management.References
1. Guidelines for management of Snakebites, New Delhi,
WHO Regional Office for South East Asia,2016
2. Standard Treatment Guidelines, Management of
Snakebites. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
January 2016
3. https://www.censusindia2011.com/gujarat/valsad/
dharampur-population.html Downloaded in April
2026
4. https://india.mongabay.com/2025/10/indiassnakes-
changing-range-thanks-to-climate-change/
Downloaded in April 2026
5. Abedin I, Kang H-E, Saikia H, Jung W-K, Kim H-W,
Kundu S (2025) Future of snakebite risk in India:
Consequence of climate change and the shifting
habitats of the big four species in next five decades.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 19(9): e0013464. https://doi.
org/10.1371/ journal.pntd.0013464
6. Amin MR, Mamun SMH, Rashid R et al. Antisnake
Venom: Use and adverse reactions in a snake bite
study clinic in Bangladesh. J. Venom. Anim. Toxins
incl. Trop. Dis. 2008; 14:660-672
7. N Suchithra, J M Pappachan, P Sujathan.Snakebite
envenoming in Kerala, South India: clinical profile
and factors involved in adverse outcomesEmerg Med
J 2008;25:200–204
8. Bhattacharya P, Chakroborty A. Neurotoxicsnakebite
with respiratory failure. Indian J Crit CareMed 2007;
11:161
9. Sudeep Kumar , Sovani VB ,BhogeDP
,Postmarketingsafety and usage study of anti-snake
venom in atertiary hospital in Talegaon, Maharashtra,
Global J ofMed. And Pub. Health (GJMPH), 2019; 8:4,1
10. Ramesh J, Sovani VB, Baskeran R, Sivasankari N,
ArunR, Efficacy and Safety of Anti Snake Venom,
used asper National Guidelines, at a Tertiary Care
Centre inPuducherry, Indian J of Pub. Health Res. and
Dev.2020; 11:220
11. JC Menon, JK Joseph, MP Jose, BL Dhananjaya,
OVOommen, Clinical Profile and Laboratory
Parametersin1051 Victims of Snakebite from a Single
Centre inKerala, South India; Journal of Association
ofPhysicians of India,2016;64:22
12. Patel DC, Sovani VB, Patel NJ. Post Marketing
evaluation of Anti Snake Venom (ASV) administered
as a standard treatment for snakebite. Experience
from western India. Indian Journal of Public Health
Research and Development .2024;15:278-285
13. Suchaya Sanhajariya , Stephen B. Duffull , Geoffrey
K. Isbister, Pharmacokinetics of Snake Venom, Toxins
2018, 10: 73; doi:10.3390/toxins10020073
14. WHO Guidelines for the prevention and Clinical
management of snakebite in Africa. Regional office for
Africa, Brazzaville, 2010
15. PrasarnpunS, Walsh J, Awad SS , Harris JB.
Envenoming bites by kraits: the biological basis of
treatment-resistant neuromuscular paralysis. Brain
(2005), 128: 2987–2996
16. Blessmann J, Kreuels B Urgent administration of
antivenom following proven krait bites in Southeast
Asia irrespective of neurotoxic symptoms. PLoS
Negl Trop Dis (2024) 18(4): e0012079. https://doi.
org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012079
17. Kularatne SAM Common krait (Bungarus caeruleus)
bite in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka: a prospective clinical
study,1996–98, Postgrad Med J (2002);78:276–280
18. Indunil Karunarathna, Kapila De Alvis1, S Rajapaksha1,
K Gunawardana1, P Aluthge1, T Hapuarachchi1,
Pathophysiology of Russell’s Viper Venom and Its
Clinical Implications, UVA CLINICAL INTENSIVE
CARE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE 2024; 1-7 DOI:
10.13140/RG.2.2.19907.62246.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Patel DC, Sovani VB

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.