The Relationship Between Lifestyle and Breast Cancer among 25-64 Year Old Women on Urban Areas of Indonesia in 2016

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer was the cancer with the second highest prevalence in Indonesia in 2013 after
cervical cancer, at 5 cases per 10,000 population. Modifying one’s lifestyle can prevent the disease. Lifestyle
factors that can be modified relate to obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, following a diet of vegetables
and fruits, physical activity, hormone therapy after menopause, diabetes mellitus and stress.
Method: The study uses a cross-sectional study design, using data from the 2016 Non-Communicable Disease
Research of the Health Research and Development Agency, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.
A research sample of 38,749 women aged 25-64 who had undergone a clinical examination was collected
from 34 provinces, consisting of 76 districts and cities in Indonesia. The breast cancer group comprised all
respondents who were diagnosed with breast cancer at a clinical breast examination (SADANIS), following
a biopsy and confirmed by breast mammography/ultrasound examination and anatomic pathology (PA)
examination. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in a multivariate logistic regression
analysis were used to observe the relationship between lifestyle and breast cancer.
Results: The results show that the prevalence of breast cancer in women aged 25-64 in urban areas of
Indonesia was 0.2%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between
women who consumed alcohol and incidence of the disease, the rate being 3.87 (95% CI: 1.76-8.49) higher
than for those who did not consume alcohol, after controlling for age, education and occupational covariate
variables.
Conclusions: Lifestyle has a relationship with breast cancer among 25-64 year old women in urban areas of
Indonesia. It is very important to prevent the disease because it greatly affects the mortality and morbidity
of women. Improving education can significantly change the lifestyle of women, thereby reducing the risk
of breast cancer.