Role of DLCO in differentiation or subtyping of obstructive lung disease beyond spirometry and CT scan.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v11i6.9938Keywords:
DLCO, Obstructive diseases, Lung function test, COPD, Emphysema, Bronchial Asthma.Abstract
Introduction: Spirometry helps us to differentiate between obstructive and restrictive disease, body
plethysmography tells about lung volumes and DLCO about diffusion defect. Determining which tests to do
depends on the clinical question to be answered i.e. whether test is being done to diagnose a disease or for
evaluation for lung surgery or some other reason.
Material & Methods: 46 patients coming to department of respiratory medicine, who were diagnosed with
obstructive lung disease by PFT as per GOLD guidelineswere considered for the study. Chest X-ray and
CT chest were also done.Then DLCO was performed in every patient. Single breath hold method was used
in the study.The report of the DLCO was interpreted according tothe American Thoracic Society/European
Respiratory Society statement on PFT interpretation.
Results: Male preponderance was seen in study cases with 65.2% males to 34.8% females. Mean age of the
study group was 54.39 years with most cases (18) from 31-50 years of age group. Most common diagnosis
was COPD emphysema (22) followed by chronic bronchitis (12), bronchial asthma (10) and bronchiectasis
(2). Among obstructive lung diseases, B. asthma had the highest mean DLCO percentage predicted of 102.20
± 14.36 followed by COPD-Bronchitis (76.33±5.57), COPD–Emphysema (37.80±13.41) and bronchiectasis
(62±4.48).
Conclusion: DLCO can be helpful beyond spirometry in classification of obstructive lung diseases. DLCO
values in COPD Emphysema variant are decreased, COPD bronchitis variant remains normal or slightly
reduced and asthma either normal or increased. So, DLCO can help in differentiation or sub categorization
of obstructive disease more than spirometry.
