Reliability and Validity of Kannada Version of Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-KA-11) - A Validation Study

Abstract

Background: Chronic widespread pain disorders prevalence has been reported to be 1%-15%. The global
prevalence of MSDs ranges from 14% to as high as 42%. Fear of movement/(re)injury have been considered one of
the most significant predictors of pain perpetuation and pain behavior, and is a central construct in the cognitivebehavioral
model of Fear-Avoidance. One of the most widely used instruments to measure fear of movement or
(re)injury during movement is TSK-11.
Objectives: To translate TSK-11 questionnaire into Kannada version. To find out test-retest reliability of TSK-11
in Kannada version among chronic musculoskeletal pain subjects. To find out construct validity of TSK 11 in
Kannada version among chronic musculoskeletal pain subjects.
Methodology: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the original English versions of the TSK-11 was
performed according to the published guidelines. The psychometric properties were evaluated by administering
the questionnaire to 70 chronic musculoskeletal pain disorders patients. Test- retest reliability was estimated by
internal consistency and test-retest assessment. Patients completed questionnaire twice with an interval of 1 week.
Convergent construct validity was performed in relation to FABQ-KA.
Results: With respect to the chronic pain samples, the TSK-11 total score was significantly and positively correlated
with catastrophizing, depression, anxiety, and pain intensity, and fear avoidance behavior of FABQ scores. Testretest
reliability was tested by using ICC (Baseline and post 1 week) internal consistency was reported in terms of
Cronbach’s α (0.89). Cronbach’s α coefficient was calculated for item-scale correlation. It was calculated from first
and second administration of TSK-KA-11(Level of significance was set up P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Results suggest that the TSK-KA-11 has been successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted
from English to Kannada version and provides with the evidence that the TSK-KA-11 is a reliable and valid
measure to assess ‘Fear of re-injury’ in Kannada-speaking chronic musculoskeletal pain disorder patients.