An association of Pulmonary Function Test with Pectoralis Minor Tightness and Forward Head Posture in Healthy College Going Students- Correlational Study

Abstract

Background: In forward head posture posture, the respiratory mechanism is most commonly affected
due to muscular imbalance in the thoracic, cervical & shoulder regions which will hamper breathing
capacities. The literature is mostly available with pectoralis major muscle tightness and weakness of
scapular muscles but very few articles are available for pectoralis minor tightness and its effect on
breathing capacities. So, the study aims to determine the effect of pectoralis minor muscle tightness and
forward head posture on pulmonary function test in healthy individuals aged 17 to 25 years.
Methods: A total of 120 subjects were included in the study based on inclusion & exclusion criteria.
Before data collection, Pre-evaluation of the subject was done by using Flexi-ruler for kyphotic &
lordotic curve, Pectoralis minor tightness test by measure tape in both upper limb and Inter-scapular
distance. The procedure includes a pulmonary function test in which measurements include FEV1, FVC,
MVV, FEV1/FVC & MVV*40/FEV1 by using a computerised spirometer for diagnostic spirometry.
Results: The statistical analysis was done by using Pearson’s correlation coefficient which shows a
poor but positive correlation between Inter-scapular distance, Flexi curve angle, and all pulmonary
function test measurements(r=0.315, 0.251, 0.047, 0.301 & 0.047 between interscapular and pulmonary
function test& r=-0.085, 0.075, 0.004, -0.050 & 0.018).While poor & negative correlation between left
and right pectoralis minor tightness & all measures of pulmonary function(r=-0.059, -0.106, 0.048,
0.004 & 0.353 between left pectorals tightness & PFT while for right pectorals tightness & PFT, r=-
0.22, -0.015, -0.035, -0.037 & -0.047).
Conclusion: Pulmonary function parameters show poor correlation which means the respiratory
mechanism is not being impaired due to tightness of pectoralis minor muscle & forward head posture
of healthy individuals aged 18 to 25.