Effects of 8-Weeks Throwers Ten Program Vs Plyometric Training on Shoulder Performance in Overhead Athletes-A Pilot Study

Authors

  • Abubacker Siddiq Anas Rahman Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37506/z2qjew56

Keywords:

Throwers ten program, plyometric training, shoulder performance, seated medicine ball throw test.

Abstract

Background: Thrower’sten exercise program evidenced in previous research to improve strength, power, endurance and has proved to be effective in rehabilitating the muscles of the shoulder complex and preventing injuries in overhead athletes. The main purpose of this present pilot study is to find out whether Thrower’s ten exercise program is beneficial in improving the shoulder performance comparing with plyometric training.
Methods: A total of 40 male athletes were screened between the age groups of 18 and 25 and randomly
allocated to Throwers ten group and plyometric training group respectively. Shoulder strength and performance of the athletes is measured using seated medicine ball throw test and closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test. Participants in Throwers ten group were trained for throwers ten program for a period of 8 weeks, Plyometric group participant were trained for plyometric training for 8 weeks.
Result: Throwers ten program showed substantial difference in improving the shoulder performance when compared to plyometric training. Post test values of throwers ten program in seated medicine ball throw test and closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test had a significant difference (p <0.001).
Conclusion: Throwers ten program is found to be more effective than plyometric training in improving the shoulder performance among overhead athletes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

  • Abubacker Siddiq Anas Rahman, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,

    Postgraduate, Saveetha college of physiotherapy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,

References

Cools AM, Witvrouw EE, Declercq GA, Vanderstraeten

GG and Cambier DC. Evaluation of isokinetic force

production and associated muscle activity in the

scapular rotators during a protraction-retraction

movement in overhead athletes with impingement

symptoms. Br J Sports Med 2004; 38: 64–68.

da Silva Barros BR, Cavalcanti IB, da Silva Júnior

N, de Oliveira Sousa C. Correlation between upper

limb function and clinical measures of shoulder and

trunk mobility and strength in overhead athletes with

shoulder pain. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2022 May

;55:12-20.

Borms D, Cools A. Upper-extremity functional

performance tests: reference values for overhead

athletes. International journal of sports medicine. 2018

Jun;39(06):433-41.

Huang JS, Pietrosimone BG, Ingersoll CD, Weltman

AL, Saliba SA. Sling exercise and traditional warmup

have similar effects on the velocity and accuracy

of throwing. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning

Research. 2011 Jun 1;25(6):1673-9.

Meister Keith. Injuries to the Shoulder in the throwing

athlete: part one: Biomechanics/Pathophysiology/

Classification of injury. Am J Sports Med 2000; 28 (2):

- 275.

Wilk KE, Obma P, Simpson CD, Cain E. Lyle, Dugas J,

Andrews JR. Shoulder injuries in the overhead athlete.

J Orthop Sports PhysTher 2009; 39 (2): 38-54

Zaremski JL, Zeppieri Jr G, Tripp BL. Sport

specialization and overuse injuries in adolescent

throwing athletes: a narrative review. Journal of

athletic training. 2019 Oct 1;54(10):1030-9.

Wilk KE, Yenchak AJ, Arrigo CA, Andrews JR. The

advanced throwers ten exercise program: a new

exercise series for enhanced dynamic shoulder control

in the overhead throwing athlete. The Physician and

sportsmedicine. 2011 Nov 1;39(4):907.

Andhare DN, Yeole U, Salvi MA. Effect of

Throwers Ten Program on Performance in Fast

Bowlers “Randomized Control Trail”. JCMR. 2018

Dec;6:12.

Gokalp O, Kirmizigil B. Effects of Thrower’s Ten

exercises on upper extremity performance: A

randomized controlled study. Medicine. 2020 Oct

;99(42):e22837.

Swanik KA, Thomas SJ, Struminger AH, Bliven KC,

Kelly JD, Swanik CB. The effect of shoulder plyometric

training on amortization time and upper-extremity

kinematics. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation. 2016 Dec

;25(4):315-23.

Deng N, Soh KG, Abdullah B, Huang D, Xiao W, Liu

H. Effects of plyometric training on technical skill

performance among athletes: A systematic review and

meta-analysis. Plos one. 2023 Jul 17;18(7):e0288340.

Rassier DE, Herzog W. Force enhancement and

relaxation rates after stretch of activated muscle

fibres. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological

Sciences. 2005 Mar 7;272(1562):475-80.

Fathi A, Hammami R, Moran J, Borji R, Sahli S,

Rebai H. Effect of a 16-week combined strength and

plyometric training program followed by a detraining

period on athletic performance in pubertal volleyball

players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning

Research. 2019 Aug 1;33(8):2117-27.

Eraslan L, Castelein B, Spanhove V, Orhan C,

Duzgun I, Cools A. Effect of plyometric training on

sport performance in adolescent overhead athletes: a

systematic review. Sports health. 2021 Jan;13(1):37-44.

Anversha AT, Ramalingam V, Kumari JP, Sugumaran

SV. Impact of plyometric training on agility, sprint

and vertical jump functional performance in junior

level basketball players. Journal of Physical Education

and Sport. 2024 Mar 1;24(3):638-48..

Ramalingam V, Nivasini G, Purushothaman VK,

Kaladharan VN, Subbarayalu AV, Marimuthu PR.

Effect of 6-week Land-based Plyometric Training

versus Regular Basketball Training on Lower Limb

Injury Incidence among Basketball Players. Health,

sport, rehabilitation. 2024 Dec 5

Tucci HT, Martins J, Sposito GD, Camarini PM, De

Oliveira AS. Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity

Stability test (CKCUES test): a reliability study in

persons with and without shoulder impingement

syndrome. BMC musculoskeletal disorders. 2014

Dec;15:1-9.

Lee DR, Kim LJ. Reliability and validity of the closed

kinetic chain upper extremity stability test. Journal of

physical therapy science. 2015;27(4):1071-3.

Degot M, Blache Y, Vigne G, Juré D, Borel F, Neyton

L, Rogowski I. Intrarater reliability and agreement of a

modified closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability

test. Physical therapy in sport. 2019 Jul 1;38:44-8.

Goldbeck TG, Davies GJ. Test-retest reliability of the

closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test: a

clinical field test. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation. 2000

Feb 1;9(1):35-45.

Kumar A, Singh RK, Apte VV, Kolekar A. Comparison

between seated medicine ball throw test and Wingate

test for assessing upper body peak power in elite

power sports players. Indian Journal of Physiology

and Pharmacology. 2021 Feb 27;64(4):286-91.

Harris C, Wattles AP, DeBeliso M, Sevene-Adams

PG, Berning JM, Adams KJ. The seated medicine ball

throw as a test of upper body power in older adults.

The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research.

Aug 1;25(8):2344-8.

Vossen JF, KRAMER JE, Burke DG, VOSSEN DP.

Comparison of dynamic push-up training and

plyometric push-up training on upper-body power

and strength. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning

Research. 2000 Aug 1;14(3):248-53.

Beckham G, Lish S, Disney C, Keebler L, DeBeliso M,

Adams KJ. The reliability of the seated medicine ball

throw as assessed with accelerometer instrumentation.

Journal of Physical Activity Research. 2019;4(2).

Downloads

Published

2025-10-16

How to Cite

Effects of 8-Weeks Throwers Ten Program Vs Plyometric Training on Shoulder Performance in Overhead Athletes-A Pilot Study. (2025). Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy - An International Journal, 19(4), 61-68. https://doi.org/10.37506/z2qjew56